Pleural Mesothelioma

Pleural Mesothelioma (endotelioma, oesophagus cancer) - a rare disease. Relation to lung cancer - 1:100, 1:200. It occurs at any age, but more often after 40 years, mostly for men.

Pathological Anatomy

We develop a cover epithelium oesophagus (mezoteliya), hence the name. The tumor can grow as a hub in any part of visceral or parietalnoy oesophagus (nodosity form) or more diffuse distributed on pleurisy, infiltriruya it as a case okutyvaya light (diffuse form). If the cavity oesophagus remains free, it is observed hemorhagic fluid.

Histological tumor often has a solid structure of adenocarcinoma or cancer. In addition, emit fibrous, and mixed form tubulyarnuyu pleural mesothelioma. Malignant mesothelioma in the lymph nodes (96.5%), in a different light and pleurisy (75%), in the pericardial. Gematogennye metastases occur much less often.

The disease manifests itself in the early stages of pain in the chest and a dry cough. By the early manifestations of the disease include pleurisy, first serous, in a subsequent hemorrhagic. Increase the number of fluid in the pleura cavity leads to compression of light and shortness of breath. Quite a permanent symptom - fever. Often expressed osteoartropate phenomenon. With the localization of the tumor at pleurisy can develop mediastinale compression syndrome. The course of the disease is usually rapid, tumor early on metastaze pleurisy to distant organs.

The forecast is usually bad. Surgical mesothelioma treatment can give only long-term treatment with limited, solitary form of a tumor in an early stage.

The diagnosis is established on the basis ray studies (after removing fluid from the cavity pleura), with the tumor site is found at the chest wall, often giving the destruction of ribs. The contours of apparent hub lose shape due to sprouting tumor surrounding tissue. When diffuse lesion oesophagus, which is observed more often detected uneven thickening oesophagus with the formation of individual knots. The liquid usually does not cause displacement of the median shadow in the opposite direction and accumulates very quickly, despite a puncture. Additional data in the study receive fluid for the presence of tumor cells.

Differential diagnosis performed with disseminated on the pleurisy lung cancer, nonspecific and tuberculosis etiology. In a limited way - with tumors and chest wall, with the peripheral lung cancer. The most difficult to differentiate malignant pleural mesothelioma with primary lung cancer, accompanied by changes pleura.

With limited form of solitary, treatment of mesothelioma is resection of the chest wall, or the percentage of total removal of light, with diffuse lesion - symptomatic (removal of fluid).